Ni iki gikorwa cyo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone?
Muri iki gihe, ubukangurambaga ku bidukikije buri kwiyongera, kandi abantu bita cyane ku kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye. Nk'amahitamo y'imyenda y'imbere ihuza ihumure n'ubwiza, inzira yo kongera gukoresha ibikoreshoimyenda y'imbere ya siliconebyanakuruye abantu benshi. Iyi nkuru izagaragaza uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni mu buryo burambuye, harimo imyiteguro y’ibanze yo kongera gukoresha, intambwe zihariye zo gukora, n’uburyo bwo kuyitunganya nyuma yo kongera gukoresha, hagamijwe guha abasomyi icyerekezo cyuzuye kandi gihamye kugira ngo basobanukirwe neza akamaro n’ibisobanuro birambuye by’iyi gahunda yo kurengera ibidukikije.

1. Imbanzirizamushinga yo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone
(I) Kugena ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha
Ibintu byo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone birimo cyane cyane ibikoresho by'imbere bya silicone bitagikoreshwa kubera impamvu zitandukanye. Ibi bikoresho bishobora gukurwaho n'ababikoresha bitewe n'imiterere ishaje, ingano idakwiye, cyangwa kwangirika. Mbere yo kongera gukoresha imyenda, imyenda y'imbere ya silicone igomba kubanza gushyirwa mu byiciro no gupimwa kugira ngo harebwe ko imyenda y'imbere ya silicone yujuje ibisabwa mu gutunganya nyuma. Urugero, ku myenda y'imbere ya silicone yangiritse cyane kandi idashobora gusanwa, hakenewe uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyitunganya cyangwa kuyitunganya mu buryo butaziguye kuko imyanda ishobora gukenerwa; mu gihe ku myenda y'imbere yakuweho kubera imiterere ishaje cyangwa ingano idakwiye, ishobora gufatwa nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo kongera gukoresha kugira ngo ikomeze kuvugururwa no kongera gukoreshwa.

(II) Gushyiraho imiyoboro yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho
Kugira ngo hakorwe neza imyenda y'imbere ya silicone, ni ngombwa gushyiraho imiyoboro itandukanye yo kongera gukoresha. Ibi birimo gukorana n'inganda zikora imyenda y'imbere ya silicone gushyiraho ahantu hihariye ho kongera gukoresha ibikoresho; gukorana n'urubuga rukomeye rw'ubucuruzi bwo kuri interineti kugira ngo bakore ibikorwa byo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho kuri interineti; no gukorana n'abaturage, amashuri n'izindi nzego kugira ngo bashyireho udusanduku two kongera gukoresha ibikoresho. Binyuze muri iyi miyoboro, ubwoko butandukanye bw'imyenda y'imbere ya silicone bushobora gukusanywa cyane kugira ngo haboneke ibikoresho fatizo bihagije byo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho no gutunganya ibikoresho nyuma yaho.

(III) Gutegura ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho
Uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone busaba ubufasha bw'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho by'umwuga. Urugero, icyuma gisya imyenda y'imbere ya silicone isya, igikoresho cyo gusukura ibice bya silicone, n'igikoresho cyo gusuzuma ibice bya silicone. Byongeye kandi, hari ibikoresho by'inyongera, nk'uturindantoki, udupfukamunwa, indorerwamo zo kurinda, nibindi, bigomba kwitegurwa kugira ngo abakora akazi ko kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bakomeze gukoresha ibikoresho.

2. Intambwe zihariye zo gukora akazi ko kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone

(I) Uburyo bwo kuvura gukomeretsa
Shyira imyenda y'imbere ya silicone yakusanyijwe mu cyuma gisya kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu buryo bwo kuyisya, hanyuma uyisyamo uduce duto dufite uburebure bwa cm 2 kugeza kuri cm 5. Intego y'iyi ntambwe ni ukoroshya ibikorwa byo gusukura no gusuzuma nyuma, kandi bishobora no kunoza imikorere yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho.

(II) Gusukura no kwica udukoko
Shyira ibice bya silikoni byaciwe mu gikoresho cyo gusukura, ongeramo ingano ikwiye y'isuku n'amazi, hanyuma ubivange ubisukure neza. Mu gihe cyo gusukura, ikoranabuhanga ryo gusukura rya ultrasonic rishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho neza umwanda n'imyanda ku buso bw'ibice bya silikoni. Nyuma yo gusukura, shyira ibice bya silikoni mu cyuma gipima amashanyarazi kugira ngo byume neza kugira ngo bikuremo amazi arenze urugero. Nyuma y'ibyo, sukura ibice bya silikoni byumye kugira ngo urebe ko bifite isuku n'umutekano.

(III) Gusuzuma no gushyira mu byiciro
Shyira ibice bya silikoni byasukuwe n'ibyasutswe mu gikoresho cyo gusuzuma no gupima hanyuma ubyishyire mu byiciro ukurikije ingano y'ibice n'ubucucike. Iyi ntambwe ishobora gukuraho imyanda imwe n'imwe itujuje ibisabwa, nk'ibice bya pulasitiki, ibice by'icyuma, nibindi, bityo bikanoza ubuziranenge bwa silikoni. Ibice bya silikoni byasuzumwe bishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bikurikije ingano n'ubuziranenge bwabyo kugira ngo bisubirwemo no kongera gukoreshwa.

(IV) Gutunganya no gutunganya
Uduce twa silica gel twapimwe kandi twashyizwe mu gikoresho cyo gushyushya hakurikijwe uburemere runaka, hamwe na aside sulfurike, aside dodecylbenzene sulfonic n'ibindi bikoresho byo gushyushya no gushyushya. Ubwa mbere, igikoresho cyo gushyushya gishyushya kugeza ku bushyuhe bwa mbere bwagenwe (nk'urugero rwa dogere 100) kugeza nta distillate ihari; hanyuma igikoresho cyo gushyushya gikurwamo kigashyushya kugeza ku bushyuhe bwa kabiri bwagenwe (nk'urugero rwa dogere 250) kugeza nta distillate ihari kugira ngo haboneke amazi ya mbere yasukuwe. Hanyuma, amazi ya mbere yasukuwe arakonjeshwa, hakongerwamo katalyst inorganic alkaline (nk'urugero rwa sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide cyangwa potassium hydroxide), hanyuma ubushyuhe bwongerwa kugeza kuri dogere 130 kugeza kuri 160 kugira ngo haboneke distillation ya kabiri kugeza igihe nta distillate ihari kugira ngo haboneke amazi ya kabiri yasukuwe.

(V) Gufata no kuyungurura
Amazi ya kabiri yasukuwe arakonjeshwa, hanyuma hongerwamo adsorbent (nk'ikaruboni ikoreshwa). Nyuma yo kuyavanga bihagije, arayungururwa kugira ngo akurwemo imyanda n'ibisigazwa bya shimi bisigayemo kugira ngo haboneke gel ya silica nziza. Iyi ntambwe ishobora kunoza ubuziranenge n'ubwiza bwa silica, kugira ngo yuzuze amahame yo kongera gutunganya no kongera gukoresha.

III. Uburyo bwo kuvura imyenda y'imbere ya silicone yasubiwemo

(I) Gutunganya no kongera gukoresha
Nyuma y’intambwe zavuzwe haruguru zo kuvurwa, imyenda y’imbere ya silicone ishobora guhindurwamo ibice bya silicone cyangwa ibikoresho byarangiye. Ibi bikoresho bya silicone bishobora kongera gukoreshwa mu gukora imyenda y’imbere ya silicone cyangwa ibindi bikoresho bya silicone, nka silicone pads, ibikinisho bya silicone, nibindi. Muri ubu buryo, kongera gukoresha ibikoresho bya silicone biragerwaho, kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho fatizo biragabanuka, kandi ikiguzi cyo gukora no kwangiza ibidukikije biragabanuka.

(II) Kugarura ingufu
Ku myanda imwe n'imwe ya silikoni idashobora kongera gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye, hashobora kwitabwaho kugarura ingufu. Urugero, binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga nka pyrolysis cyangwa incineration, imyanda ya silikoni ishobora guhindurwamo ubushyuhe cyangwa amashanyarazi kugira ngo ikore amashanyarazi cyangwa izindi ngufu zikenewe. Ibi ntibishobora kugabanya gusa ubwiyongere bw'imyanda, ahubwo binatuma ingufu zisubiramo no kunoza uburyo umutungo ukoreshwa neza.

(III) Aho imyanda ijugunywa mu mutekano
Ku myanda imwe n'imwe ya silikoni igoye kongera kuyikoresha kandi idashobora guhinduka ingufu, hakenewe uburyo bwo kuyisukura mu buryo bwizewe. Mu gihe cyo kuyisukura, hagomba gutoranywa ahantu heza ho kuyisukura, kandi hagafatwa ingamba nko gukumira imyanda no gukumira impumuro mbi kugira ngo ingaruka z'iyi myanda ku bidukikije zigabanuke. Muri icyo gihe, aho kuyisukura hagomba gukurikiranwa buri gihe no gucungwa kugira ngo hirindwe umwanda ukabije.

IV. Akamaro k'ibidukikije n'imbogamizi zo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone

(I) Akamaro k'ibidukikije
Gusubiramo imyenda y'imbere ya silicone bifite akamaro gakomeye ku bidukikije. Ubwa mbere, bifasha kugabanya imyanda ikorwa no kugabanya umwanda ku bidukikije. Ibikoresho bya silicone biragoye kwangirika mu bidukikije. Iyo bitawe uko bishakiye, bizatera umwanda ukomeye ku butaka, amasoko y'amazi, n'ibindi. Binyuze mu kongera gukoresha, iyi myanda ishobora guhinduka umutungo kamere, bigabanye ikoreshwa n'ikoreshwa ry'umutungo kamere. Icya kabiri, kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone bishobora kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu ikorwa. Mu ikorwa rya silicone, ingufu nyinshi zirakoreshwa, kandi kongera gukoresha bishobora kugabanya ikenerwa ry'ikorwa rya silicone nshya, bityo bikagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, kandi bigira ingaruka nziza mu kugabanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere ku isi.

(II) Imbogamizi
Nubwo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone bifite inyungu nyinshi ku bidukikije, binahura n'imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe mu mikorere nyayo. Icya mbere, gukusanya no gushyira mu byiciro imyenda y'imbere ya silicone biragoye. Bitewe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha no gukwirakwiza imyenda y'imbere ya silicone, bifata abakozi benshi, ibikoresho n'igihe kugira ngo uyikusanye. Muri icyo gihe, ubwoko butandukanye bw'imyenda y'imbere ya silicone bufite itandukaniro mu miterere n'imiterere, kandi bugomba gushyirwa mu byiciro neza, ibyo byongera ingorane n'ikiguzi cyo kongera gukoresha. Icya kabiri, ikoranabuhanga ryo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone ntiriragera ku rwego rwo hejuru. Kuri ubu, uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha no gutunganya imyenda y'imbere ya silicone ntabwo buhagije, kandi hari imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe za tekiniki, nko gukoresha ingufu nyinshi mu gutunganya no gusimbuza ndetse n'ubwiza budahamye bw'ibicuruzwa byasubijwemo, ibyo bikabangamira iterambere ry'inganda zo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone. Byongeye kandi, ubumenyi bw'abaturage n'uruhare rwabo mu gutunganya imyenda y'imbere ya silicone ni bike, ibi nabyo ni ikintu cy'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kongera gukoresha. Abantu benshi ntibasobanukiwe uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone kandi ntibazi uburyo bwo kujugunya imyenda y'imbere ya silicone yajugunywe neza, bigatuma umutungo munini ushobora kongera gukoreshwa upfushwa ubusa.

V. Icyerekezo cy'ejo hazaza
Bitewe n’iterambere rikomeje rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga no kunoza ubumenyi ku bidukikije, kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni bizazana iterambere ryagutse. Ku ruhande rumwe, abashakashatsi bazakomeza gukora ku guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryo kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni mu buryo bwiza kandi butangiza ibidukikije, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kongera gukoresha no kunoza ireme n’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa byasubiwemo. Urugero, gushakisha uburyo bushya bwo kongera gukoresha, nko gusya no gukuramo amazi menshi mu bushyuhe buke, kugira ngo bagabanye ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’ikoreshwa ry’ibinyabutabire mu buryo bwo kongera gukoresha; guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryo kongera gukoresha imiti, nko gukata no gukoresha polymerization mu cyerekezo, kugira ngo bahindure kandi bakoreshe ibikoresho bya silikoni mu buryo bunoze. Ku rundi ruhande, guverinoma n’inzego zose z’umuryango bazongera inkunga yabo mu kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni mu buryo bunoze, bashyireho politiki n’amabwiriza bireba, bashyireho gahunda y’isoko ryo kongera gukoresha, kandi banoze ubumenyi bw’abaturage ku bidukikije n’uruhare rwabo mu kurengera ibidukikije. Urugero, gushyiraho politiki z’inkunga kugira ngo bashishikarize abantu kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni mu buryo bunoze, kuyobora ibigo kugira ngo bigire uruhare rugaragara mu kongera gukoresha ibikoresho; gushimangira kwamamaza no kwigisha kurengera ibidukikije, kunoza ubumenyi bw’abaturage ku kamaro ko kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni mu buryo bunoze, gushyigikira ibitekerezo by’ibidukikije mu gukoresha, no guteza imbere iterambere rirambye ry’inganda zo kongera gukoresha imyenda ya silikoni mu buryo bunoze.

Muri make, kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone ni ingamba y'ingenzi yo kurengera ibidukikije, idafasha gusa kugabanya imyanda n'ihumana ry'ibidukikije, ahubwo inafasha kuzigama umutungo n'ingufu, kandi ikagera ku iterambere ry'ubukungu n'ibidukikije. Nubwo hakiri imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe mu nzira yo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho, ibi bibazo bizakemurwa buhoro buhoro hamwe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga n'iterambere rya sosiyete. Dufite impamvu yo kwizera ko mu gihe cya vuba, kongera gukoresha imyenda y'imbere ya silicone bizarushaho gukundwa no gutungana, kandi bitange umusanzu ukomeye mu kurengera ibidukikije by'isi no kubaka urugo rwiza.