Ikizamini cyo kwirinda kwangirika kw'ibitambaro bya silikoni mu kibuno: isesengura ryuzuye ry'amahame mpuzamahanga
Mu isoko ry’isi muri iki gihe, imitako ya silicone hip yakunze kwitabwaho cyane kubera ihumure ryayo n’imikorere yayo yihariye. Ku baguzi mpuzamahanga bagurisha ibicuruzwa, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ubwiza n’imikorere ya silicone hip pads byujuje ibisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane ikimenyetso cy’ingenzi cy’uko ibicuruzwa bidapfa kwangirika. Kudapfa kwangirika bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw’ibicuruzwa gusa, ahubwo binafitanye isano itaziguye n’ibyo umuguzi agezeho n’ibyo anyuzwe. Iyi nkuru izasuzuma mu buryo bwimbitse amahame mpuzamahanga yemewe yo gupima kudapfa kwangirika kw’ibicuruzwa.udupira twa silikoni tw'ikibuno, iguha icyerekezo gikomeye cyo gutanga amasoko n'isuzuma ry'ubuziranenge.

1. Akamaro ko gupima ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika kw'umubiri
Udupira twa silicone tw’ikibuno dukoreshwa cyane cyane mu kunoza imiterere yo kwicara, kugabanya umuvuduko no kunoza uburyo bwo kwicara neza. Dukunze guhura n’ibibazo byo gukururana no gukandamizwa mu ikoreshwa rya buri munsi. Isuzuma ry’ubudahangarwa bw’imyenda rishobora kwigana ubudahangarwa bw’ibicuruzwa mu gihe cyo kubikoresha no gufasha gusuzuma impinduka mu mikorere y’ibicuruzwa nyuma yo kubikoresha igihe kirekire. Binyuze mu isuzuma rikomeye ry’ubudahangarwa bw’imyenda, ibicuruzwa bya silicone by’ikibuno bifite ubuziranenge kandi bimara igihe kirekire bishobora gusuzumwa neza kugira ngo abaguzi babone uburambe bushimishije ku bicuruzwa. Muri icyo gihe, binafasha amasosiyete gushyiraho isura nziza ku isoko mpuzamahanga no kongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibicuruzwa byayo.

2. Amabwiriza yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga yerekeye uburyo bwo kwirinda kwangirika kw'udupira twa silicone
(I) ISO 5470-1:2016 “Imyenda ipfutseho peteroli cyangwa pulasitiki – Kumenya uburyo irinda kwangirika – Igice cya 1: Ibipimo bizenguruka, bizunguruka kandi bipima intoki”
Amabwiriza ya ISO 5470-1:2016 agaragaza uburyo bwo kumenya uburyo imyenda ya rubber cyangwa pulasitiki iramba hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gupima ubukana bwa Taber. Aya mahame akoreshwa ku myenda itandukanye ya rubber cyangwa pulasitiki iramba, harimo na silicone hip pads. Ihame ry'ikizamini ni ugushyira icyitegererezo ku rubuga ruzunguruka, kugikoraho no kugizungurutsa n'icyuma gikingira, no gusuzuma uburyo icyitegererezo kiramba bitewe n'ubukana nyuma y'igihe runaka cyangwa umubare w'impinduka. Aya mahame atanga amabwiriza arambuye yo gupima, harimo guhitamo ibipimo nk'ubwoko bwa abrasive, umutwaro, n'umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka, kugira ngo harebwe neza kandi bigereranywe n'ibisubizo by'ikizamini. Akamaro kayo ni uko ishobora kwigana uburyo imyenda yambara mu bihe bitandukanye byo gukoreshwa, itanga icyitegererezo cyuzuye cyo gusuzuma uburyo imyenda ya silicone hip pads iramba.
(II) ISO 12947 “Imyenda – Uburyo bwo gupima uburyo imyenda idakira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Martindale”
Uruhererekane rwa ISO 12947 ni igipimo ngenderwaho cyemewe cyane cyo gupima ubukana bw'imyenda mu rwego rw'imyenda. ISO 12947-1 isobanura uburyo rusange bwo gupima ubukana bw'imyenda hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa Martindale, mu gihe ISO 12947-2, ISO 12947-3 na ISO 12947-4 bitanga ingingo zirambuye ku bwoko butandukanye bwo gufunga no gukoresha ubukana. Nubwo iyi ngingo ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku myenda, kubera ko udupira twa silicone hip duhura n'imyenda kandi tugatera ubukana mu gihe cyo kuyikoresha, ikizamini cyayo cyo kwirinda ubukana gishobora no kwerekeza kuri iyi ngingo ngenderwaho. Uburyo bwa Martindale bukoresha igikoresho cyihariye cyo gufunga kugira ngo gikoreshwe ku gipimo cy'ubukana munsi y'igitutu runaka, kandi ubukana bw'ubukana bupimwa n'impinduka mu miterere cyangwa igihombo nyuma y'inshuro runaka. Akamaro k'ubu buryo ni uko bushobora kwigana ubukana nyabwo hagati y'imyenda na silicone hip pad, ibi bikaba bifite akamaro kanini mu gusuzuma ubukana bw'ubukana bw'ubukana bw'imyenda ya silicone hip pad iyo ihuye n'imyenda nk'imyenda.
(III) ASTM D4060 “Uburyo Busanzwe bwo Gupima Ubudahangarwa bw’Ibikoresho Hakoreshejwe Igipimo cya Taber Abrasion”
Igipimo cya ASTM D4060 ni kimwe mu bipimo bya kera byashyizweho n'Umuryango w'Abanyamerika wita ku bipimo n'ibikoresho mu gusuzuma uburyo ibikoresho bitandukanye bidashobora kwangirika. Iki gipimo gikoresha Taber Abrasion Tester kugira ngo gipime uburyo ibikoresho bishobora kwangirika binyuze mu kwemerera icyitegererezo gukoraho no gukurura ku ruziga ruzunguruka munsi y'umutwaro runaka. Ku bijyanye na silicone hip pads, uburyo bukwiye bwo gutegura icyitegererezo bushobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe imiterere n'ingano yacyo, kandi ikizamini gishobora gukorwa hakurikijwe impinduramatwara n'imitwaro bivugwa muri iki gipimo, hanyuma uburyo icyitegererezo gishobora gusuzumwa hakoreshejwe gupima igihombo cy'uburemere cyangwa impinduka mu isura y'icyitegererezo. Taber Abrasion Tester ifite ubwoko butandukanye bw'amapine yo gusya n'uburyo bwo gukurura, bushobora gutoranywa mu buryo bworoshye hakurikijwe ibyo ikizamini gikeneye. Ibisubizo byacyo bishobora gusubiramo no kugereranywa cyane, kandi byakoreshejwe cyane kandi byemerwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
(IV) GB/T 30314-2013 Imyenda ipfutse ya rubber cyangwa pulasitiki – Kumenya uburyo bwo kurwanya gushwanyagurika – Uburyo bwa Taber
GB/T 30314-2013 ni yo ngamba y'igihugu cyanjye, ingana na ISO 5470-1:2006. Iyi ngamba igaragaza uburyo bwo gukoresha Taber abrasion tester kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo imyenda ya rubber cyangwa pulasitiki irangizwa idakira, ibi bikaba bikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa bisa nka silicone hip pads. Uburyo bwo kuyipima n'imiterere yayo bihuye n'ibipimo bya ISO 5470-1, bitanga ishingiro ry'isuzuma ku bakora silicone hip pads bo mu rugo n'ibigo bipima, kandi bikoroshya guhuza n'ibipimo mpuzamahanga, biteza imbere ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga no guhanahana ibicuruzwa. Ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu, ibicuruzwa bya silicone hip pads byujuje ibipimo bya GB/T 30314-2013 bifite ubuziranenge bwiza n'imikorere myiza, kandi bishobora guhaza ibisabwa by'ibanze by'abaguzi kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bidakira.
(V) ISO 20868:2001 “Inkweto – Uburyo bwo gupima insoles – Ubudahangarwa bwo kwangirika”
Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ISO 20868:2001 bigaragaza uburyo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika kw'insole. Nubwo ahanini ari ibintu bikoreshwa mu nsole, uburyo bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika bw'insole za silicone bushobora no gukoreshwa nk'inyigo kubera isano iri hagati y'insole za silicone n'insole mu bijyanye n'imikorere n'aho zikoreshwa. Iyi ngengo ikoresha igikoresho cyihariye cyo gupima ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika kugira ngo yigane uburyo insole iri mu nkweto ikora n'uburyo ikora. Nyuma y'umubare runaka w'ingufu, ingano y'ingufu cyangwa impinduka mu isura y'insole bipimwa kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ikora neza. Imiterere n'uburyo ikoreshwa mu gupima inkweto binozwa hakurikijwe imiterere y'inkweto, bishobora kugaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika kw'insole mu buryo nyabwo, kandi bifite akamaro kanini mu isuzuma ry'ubushobozi bwo kwirinda kwangirika kw'insole za silicone mu buryo busa n'ubwo.

3. Kugereranya no guhitamo uburyo bwo gupima ubukana bwo kwangirika
Amabwiriza n'uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima ubukana bw'imyenda bifite imiterere yabyo. Mu guhitamo uburyo bwo gupima ubukana bw'imyenda bukwiriye ibipfuko bya silicone, ibintu bikurikira bigomba gusuzumwa neza:
(I) Ibiranga ibicuruzwa n'uburyo bikoreshwa
Niba agapira ka silicone mu kibuno gakoreshwa cyane cyane mu bice aho gahurira n'imyenda, nko gushyirwa ku ntebe no mu myenda, noneho gukoresha ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ISO 12947 mu isuzuma bishobora kwigana neza imiterere y'ubushyamirane mu ikoreshwa ryayo nyaryo no gusuzuma uburyo idashobora kwangirika mu myenda.
Ku bice aho agapira ka silikoni gahuye n'ibindi bikoresho bikomeye, nk'ibice bimwe na bimwe bya pulasitiki cyangwa ibyuma, uburyo bwo gupima Taber abrasion muri ASTM D4060 bushobora gukoreshwa cyane kuko bushobora kwigana imiterere y'ubushyuhe n'ubusaza hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bitandukanye binyuze mu guhitamo uruziga rukwiye rwo gusya.
(II) Ibisabwa ku ntego y'ikizamini n'ubuziranenge
Niba intego ari ugusuzuma byihuse kandi mbere y’igihe uburyo bworoshye bwo gupima bwa silicone hip pad, hari uburyo bworoshye kandi bwihuse bwo gupima bushobora gutoranywa, nk'uburyo bwo kugwa kw'umucanga, ariko bikwiye kumenyekana ko ukuri no gusubiramo kw'ibisubizo by'ibizamini biri hasi cyane.
Niba intego ari ukubona amakuru nyayo kandi yizewe yo kurwanya ubwangirike bw'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo hagenzurwe ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa, kunoza ubushakashatsi n'iterambere cyangwa kugira ngo bihuzwe n'amahame mpuzamahanga yo ku isoko ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru, ni byiza guhitamo ISO 5470-1, ASTM D4060 n'ubundi buryo busanzwe bwemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga bufite ubuziranenge bwo gupima. Ubu buryo bushobora gutanga amakuru arambuye kandi nyayo yo kwangirika, butanga inkunga ikomeye mu gusuzuma no kunoza ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa.
(III) Ibikoresho byo gupima n'ibiciro
Ibikoresho n'ibiciro bisabwa ku buryo butandukanye bwo gupima ubukana bw'imyenda biratandukanye cyane. Urugero, igiciro cy'ibikoresho nka Taber abrasion tester na Taber abrasion tester kiri hejuru, kandi hari ibisabwa ku bipimo n'urwego rwa tekiniki rw'ubikora.
Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byoroshye byo gupima uburyaryate cyangwa uburyo bwo gupima hakoreshejwe intoki bifite ikiguzi gito cy'ibikoresho n'imikorere yoroshye, ariko bishobora kuba bidahagije mu bushobozi bw'ikizamini no mu kuri kw'umusaruro. Kubwibyo, mu gihe uhitamo uburyo bwo gupima, ni ngombwa gusuzuma neza imiterere nyayo y'ibikoresho, ingengo y'imari n'ibisabwa kugira ngo umusaruro w'ikizamini w'ikigo ube mwiza.

4. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo kwemeza ko ubushobozi bwo kwangirika kwa silicone hip pads buhuye n'amahame mpuzamahanga
(I) Guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo
Ibikoresho fatizo bya silikoni byiza cyane ni byo shingiro ryo kwemeza ko ibitambaro byo mu kibuno bitaramba. Mu guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo bya silikoni, hagomba kwitabwaho imiterere yabyo, nko gukomera kw'imitsi, imbaraga zo gucika, nibindi, bifitanye isano rya hafi n'imbaraga zo kwangirika kw'ibikoresho. Hitamo ibikoresho fatizo bya silikoni bifite imbaraga zo kwangirika neza, kandi wongeremo ingano ikwiye y'ibikoresho bikomeza imbaraga, inyongeramusaruro zirinda kwangirika, nibindi nk'uko bikenewe kugira ngo wongere imbaraga zo kwangirika kw'uruvange rwa silikoni muri rusange.
(II) Igenzura ry'imikorere y'umusaruro
Gugenzura neza uburyo bwo gukora ni ngombwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ko silicone hip pads idashira. Mu gihe cyo gukora, hagomba kugenzurwa neza uburyo silicone ivangwa kugira ngo hirindwe itandukaniro mu mikorere yayo; ibipimo by'uburyo vulcanization ikorwa, nk'ubushyuhe n'igihe, bigomba kugenzurwa neza kugira ngo hamenyekane ko urwego rw'imibanire n'imiterere ya mekanike ya silicone biri mu rwego rwiza; muri icyo gihe, mu gihe cyo gukora, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane kugira ngo hirindwe ko habaho inenge nk'uduheri n'imyanda, bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo ibicuruzwa bidashira no ku buzima bwabyo.
(III) Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge n'igenzura
Shyiraho uburyo bwuzuye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge kugira ngo ugenzure neza kandi ukurikirane uburyo silicone hip pads idashira. Mu gihe cyo gukora, ingero zifatwa buri gihe kugira ngo zipimwe uburyo idashira kugira ngo hamenyekane vuba kandi hakemurwe ibibazo by’ubuziranenge mu musaruro; mbere yuko ibicuruzwa biva mu ruganda, hakorwa isuzuma rikomeye ry’uburyo idashira hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga kugira ngo hamenyekane ko buri cyiciro cy’ibicuruzwa cyujuje ibisabwa mu buziranenge. Byongeye kandi, hagomba kwitabwaho ibitekerezo ku isoko, kandi ibibazo byo kudashira bibaho mu gihe abaguzi bakoresha bigomba gukurikiranwa no gusesengurwa, imiterere y’ibicuruzwa n’uburyo bikorerwa bigomba kunozwa buri gihe, kandi ubwiza n’imikorere rusange y’ibicuruzwa bigomba kunozwa.

5. Umwanzuro
Ubudahangarwa bw'udupira twa silicone ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi bipima ubuziranenge bwatwo. Gusobanukirwa no kumenya neza amahame ngenderwaho yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga yo kurwanya ubwambure ni ingenzi cyane ku bakora, abaguzi n'abaguzi. Mu guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gupima ubwambure no kugenzura neza guhitamo ibikoresho fatizo, inzira zo gukora n'imirongo igenzura ubuziranenge, bishobora kwemeza ko kudahangarwa kw'udupira twa silicone bitujuje ibisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga, bihuye n'ibikenewe ku isoko, kandi bigaha abaguzi ibicuruzwa byiza kandi biramba. Mu irushanwa ry'isoko ry'ejo hazaza, ni ugukomeza gukurikirana ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa no kwita ku iterambere ry'amahame ngenderwaho ku rwego mpuzamahanga gusa dushobora kuba abadatsindwa ku isoko ry'ibicuruzwa bya silicone ku isi no kugera ku iterambere rirambye ry'ibigo.